Perbandingan Keuntungan Petani Bengkuang Atas Pilihan Penerapan Pola Tanam di Kabupaten Kediri

Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) is a plant that has been cultivated by farmers in Kediri Regency. Initially, farmers planted jicama in monoculture during one growing season. Furthermore, some farmers develop an intercropping pattern of jicama and choy sum to increase the chances of greater yields and help reduce expenses because maintenance of two crops can be done at one time. The research was conducted in Ngampel Village, Papar District, one of jicama producing centers in Kediri Regency, to investigate the income comparison and the feasibility of jicama farming using different cropping patterns. Data were taken from all the farmers in the research location who cultivated jicama as many as 60 farmers, who were divided into two categories of cropping pattern application. The data were then analyzed by cost-income, farming feasibility analysis, and two independent sample tests. The results showed that the average total cost of jicama farming intercropped with choy sum was IDR28,439,687 per ha with an average income of IDR48,625,350 per ha. Meanwhile, jicama monoculture farming required an average cost of IDR24,395,391 per ha and generated an average income of IDR35,302,661 per ha. The statistical test results also proved that the costs and income of farmers applying the penanaman sela pattern exceeded monocultures. Both cropping patterns were feasible and profitable with R/C ratios of 2.57 and 2.78 for monoculture and intercropping respectively. Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) merupakan tanaman yang mulai dibudidayakan oleh petani di Kabupaten Kediri. Awalnya petani menanam bengkuang secara penanaman tunggal pada suatu musim tanam. Selanjutnya, sebagian petani mengembangkan pola penanaman sela untuk meningkatkan peluang hasil yang lebih besar dan membantu menekan biaya pengeluaran karena perawatan dua jenis tanaman yang bisa dilakukan dalam satu waktu sekaligus. Penelitian dilakukan di sentra bengkuang Kediri, yang berlokasi di Desa Ngampel, Kecamatan Papar, untuk mengetahui perbandingan pendapatan dan kelayakan usahatani bengkuang dengan penerapan pola tanam berbeda. Data diambil dari semua petani di lokasi penelitian yang membudidayakan bengkuang sebanyak 60 petani, yang terbagi dua kategori penerapan pola tanam. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis biaya dan pendapatan, analisis statistik uji beda rata-rata, dan analisis kelayakan usahatani. Rerata biaya total per hektar tanam sela bengkuang-sawi sebesar Rp28.439.687 dengan pendapatan per hektar Rp48.625.350. Sementara tanam tunggal bengkuang membutuhkan rerata biaya per hektar Rp24.395.391 untuk menghasilkan pendapatan per hektar Rp35.302.661. Hasil uji statistik beda rata-rata membuktikan bahwa biaya dan pendapatan petani bengkuang penerap pola tanam sela memang melebihi penanaman tunggal. Kedua pola tanam sangat layak diusahakan dan menguntungkan dengan nilai rasio R/C 2,57 dan 2,78 masing-masing untuk usahatani bengkuang penanaman tunggal dan penanaman sela dengan sawi

Studi Komparatif Pendapatan Petani Padi Sawah Organik Dan Petani Padi Sawah Non-Organik

Increasing food needs strongly encourages farmers to increase productivity and develop food diversity. Farmers conduct production intensification, but they do not realize that the unbalanced use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides give a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the organic farming system is the solution. The emergence of the organic farming product was assumed to be good for both the health and the environment. There are some considerations that the community reluctant to buy the organic product. One of the reasons is the higher purchasing price of the organic product compared to the inorganic farming product. The purpose of this research was to know the cost of the cultivation and income received from organic rice farming and inorganic rice farming in Detubapa, Wolofeo village, Detusoko district. The results of the research show that the average cost of farming in organic rice farming less than inorganic rice farming. On the other hand, the income of farmers organic rice farming greater than inorganic rice farming. Meningkatnya kebutuhan pangan sangat mendorong insan pertanian untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman serta mengembangkan keanekaragaman bahan pangan. Petani melakukan berbagai cara untuk mengembangkannya. Namun, mereka tidak menyadari bahwa penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida anorganik yang tidak tepat akan mengakibatkan perubahan keseimbangan sehingga berdampak negatif bagi petani dan lingkungan. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut petani berusaha mencari teknik bertanam secara aman dan baik untuk lingkungan sehingga muncul sistem pertanian organik. Munculnya berbagai produk pertanian organik yang di anggap baik untuk kesehatan dan lingkungan, ternyata tidak membuat semua orang beralih ke produk tersebut. Terdapat beberapa pertimbangan yang menyebabkan masyarakat enggan untuk membeli produk organik. Salah satunya adalah faktor harga beli produk organik relatif lebih mahal dibandingkan dengan produk non organik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui biaya usahatani serta pendapatan yang di terima usahatani padi sawah organik dan padi sawah non organik di Dusun Detubapa Desa Wolofeo Kec Detusoko. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa rata-rata biaya usahatani yang di keluarkan petani padi sawah organik lebih kecil dibandingkan petani padi sawah non organik. Selan itu, pendapatan yang diperoleh petani padi sawah organik lebih besar daripada pendapatan yang diterima petani padi non organik

Fine-Grained Management in 5G: DQL Based Intelligent Resource Allocation for Network Function Virtualization in C-RAN

Recently, the installation of 5G networks offers a variety of real-time, high-performance and human-oriented customized services. However, the current laying 5G structure is unable to meet all of the growing communication needs by these new emerging services. In this paper, we propose a DQL (Deep Q-learning Network) based intelligent resource management method for 5G architecture, to improve the quality of service (QoS) under limited communication resources. In the environment of network function virtualization (NFV), we aim at improving the efficient usage of spectrum resources. In this two-step solution, our first goal is to guarantee the maximum communication quality with the smallest number of infrastructures. Then, a DQL-based wireless resource allocation algorithm is designed to realize the elaborate operation. Unlike previous studies, our system can provide the allocation policy in a more subdivided way and finally maximize the usage of bandwidth resources. The simulation also shows that our proposed MSIO improves 3.12% in the performance of the maximum coverage importance problem and the ARODQ algorithm improves 4.05% than other standard solutions

Accessibilitat en obert dels articles publicats el 2016: anàlisi dels 28 articles més citats

Es presenten els articles més citats publicats l’any 2016 per membres de la UPC i el seu grau d’obertura a diferents plataformes (webs editorials, UPCommons, ArXiv.org i ResearchGate). Els resultats de l'anàlisi mostren que 22 dels 28 articles més citats publicats el 2016 són consultables en accés obert, i entre aquests, els 4 articles més citats. Els 6 articles restants passaran a ser accessibles durant el 2018, un cop exhaurit el període d'embargament exigit pels editors. D'altra banda, les dades indiquen que 16 dels 28 articles UPC publicats el 2016 amb més citacions són d'autors del Campus Nord.We present the 28 most cited articles published in 2016 by UPC members and their openness in different platforms (publishers, UPCommons, arXiv.org and ResearchGate). The analysis shows that 22 of the most cited articles are in open access; and among these the most cited 4. 6 articles will be in open access after embargo period required by publishers. Results also indicate that 16 of the 28 more cited articles published in UPC in 2016 are authored by Campus Nord members.Postprint (author's final draft

REACT: A Solidarity-based Elastic Service Resource Reallocation Strategy for Multi-access Edge Computing

The Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm promises to enhance network flexibility and scalability through resource virtualization. MEC allows telecom operators to fulfill the stringent and heterogeneous requirements of 5G applications via service deployment at the edge of the mobile network. However, current solutions to support MEC struggle to provide resource elasticity since MEC infrastructures have limited resources. The coexistence of many heterogeneous services on the distributed MEC infrastructure makes the resource scarcity problem even more challenging than it already is in traditional networks. Services need distinct resource provisioning patterns due to their diverse requirements, and we may not assume an extensive MEC infrastructure that can accommodate an arbitrary number of services. To address these aspects, we present REACT: a MEC-suppoRted sElfadaptive elAstiCiTy mechanism that leverages resource provisioning among different services running on a shared MEC environment. REACT adopts an adaptive and solidarity-based strategy to redistribute resources from over-provisioned services to under-provisioned services in MEC environments. REACT is an alternative strategy to avoid service migration due to resource scarcity. Real testbed results show that REACT outperforms Kubernetes’ elasticity strategy by accomplishing up to 18.88% more elasticity events, reducing service outages by up to 95.1%, reducing elasticity attempts by up to 95.36%, and reducing over-provisioned resources by up to 33.88%, 38.41%, and 73% for CPU cycles, RAM and bandwidth resources, respectively. Finally, REACT reduces response time by up to 15.5%

MAC-aware routing metrics for low power and lossy networks

In this paper, routing metrics for low power and lossy networks are designed and evaluated. The cross-layer interactions between routing and medium access control (MAC) are explored, by considering the specifications of IETF RPL over the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. In particular, the experimental study of a reliability metric that extends the expected transmission count (ETX) to include the effects of the level of contention and the parameters at MAC layer is presented. Moreover, a novel metric that guarantees load balancing and increased network lifetime by fulfilling reliability constraints is introduced. The aforementioned metrics are compared to a routing approach based on back-pressure mechanism.QC 20131205</p

Real-time dynamic network slicing for the 5G radio access network

The 5G networks are expected to satisfy diverse use cases and business models with significant advancements in terms of capacity, reliability, and latency. The allocation and provisioning of network resources pose a challenge for this novel architecture to guarantee higher flexibility and quality of service. As a potential enabler, network slicing was proposed as an innovative approach for the control of the network resources. Although a static slicing approach can be suitable for the transport and core network, the stochastic behavior of the wireless channel requires fast and secure slicing techniques for resource allocation. In this paper, we propose a dynamic slicing approach for the radio access network, where the network resources are carefully assigned to guarantee the service level agreements and increase the number of served users. To prove the performance of our approach, we implemented a fronthaul testbed to emphasize the strength of our method in terms of throughput and resource utilization, compared to static slicing.This work has been funded by 5G STEP-FWD (722429), SPOT5G (TEC2017-87456-P), 5GSolutions (856691) and SGR (2014-SGR-1551).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version